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GSS 1972-2022 Cumulative Datafile - Release 2
minincminimum amount of income needed per week
Text of this Question or Item
190. What is the smallest amount of money a family of four (husband, wife, and two children) needs each week to get along in this community?
Total Cases:
72,390 (Range of valid codes: 25-997)
Properties | |
---|---|
Data type: | numeric |
Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
Job Supervision
wksubdoes r or spouse have supervisor
Text of this Question or Item
191. Do you (does your [SPOUSE]) have a supervisor on (your/his/her) job to whom you are (he/she is) directly responsible?
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases |
wksub | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 yes |
2 no |
6 |
.d don't know |
.i iap |
.n no answer |
.s skipped on web |
ROW TOTAL |
||
year | 1972 | 79.5 935 |
20.5 241 |
.0 0 |
- 0 |
- 416 |
- 21 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,613 |
1973 | 78.0 858 |
22.0 242 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 369 |
- 31 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,504 |
|
1974 | 78.6 836 |
21.4 227 |
.0 0 |
- 1 |
- 400 |
- 20 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,484 |
|
1975 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,490 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,490 |
|
1976 | 80.9 822 |
19.1 194 |
.0 0 |
- 2 |
- 450 |
- 31 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,499 |
|
1977 | 82.7 925 |
17.3 194 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 382 |
- 26 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,530 |
|
1978 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,532 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,532 |
|
1980 | 80.0 848 |
20.0 212 |
.0 0 |
- 0 |
- 404 |
- 4 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,468 |
|
1982 | 80.3 983 |
19.7 241 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 589 |
- 44 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,860 |
|
1983 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,599 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,599 |
|
1984 | 80.3 864 |
19.7 212 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 390 |
- 4 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,473 |
|
1985 | 77.0 838 |
23.0 251 |
.0 0 |
- 0 |
- 438 |
- 7 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,534 |
|
1986 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,470 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,470 |
|
1987 | 79.6 1,033 |
20.4 264 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 506 |
- 12 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,819 |
|
1988 | 81.7 488 |
18.3 109 |
.0 0 |
- 1 |
- 792 |
- 91 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,481 |
|
1989 | 79.6 572 |
20.4 147 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 808 |
- 7 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,537 |
|
1990 | 80.6 518 |
19.4 125 |
.0 0 |
- 2 |
- 723 |
- 4 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,372 |
|
1991 | 79.5 776 |
20.5 200 |
.0 0 |
- 1 |
- 527 |
- 13 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,517 |
|
1993 | 81.2 620 |
18.8 144 |
.0 0 |
- 0 |
- 839 |
- 3 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,606 |
|
1994 | 80.9 1,174 |
19.1 278 |
.0 0 |
- 1 |
- 1,532 |
- 7 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,992 |
|
1996 | 79.5 1,170 |
20.5 302 |
.0 0 |
- 2 |
- 1,420 |
- 10 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,904 |
|
1998 | 81.8 1,122 |
18.2 250 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 1,435 |
- 22 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,832 |
|
2000 | 83.7 1,096 |
16.3 213 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 1,467 |
- 38 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,817 |
|
2002 | 80.0 1,057 |
20.0 264 |
.0 0 |
- 1 |
- 1,441 |
- 2 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,765 |
|
2004 | 79.1 1,100 |
20.9 290 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 1,397 |
- 22 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,812 |
|
2006 | 80.8 2,585 |
19.2 615 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 1,289 |
- 16 |
- 0 |
100.0 4,510 |
|
2008 | 80.3 1,149 |
19.7 281 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 581 |
- 6 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,023 |
|
2010 | 80.1 1,063 |
19.9 264 |
.0 0 |
- 2 |
- 700 |
- 15 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,044 |
|
2012 | 83.0 1,122 |
17.0 229 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 607 |
- 11 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,974 |
|
2014 | 81.9 1,427 |
18.1 316 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 788 |
- 3 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,538 |
|
2016 | 81.7 1,558 |
18.3 348 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 941 |
- 16 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,867 |
|
2018 | 82.5 1,325 |
17.5 282 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 734 |
- 2 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,348 |
|
2021 | 83.1 2,077 |
16.9 423 |
.0 0 |
- 38 |
- 1,471 |
- 17 |
- 6 |
100.0 4,032 |
|
2022 | 81.9 1,855 |
17.2 390 |
.9 21 |
- 0 |
- 1,267 |
- 6 |
- 5 |
100.0 3,544 |
|
COL TOTAL | 80.8 32,796 |
19.1 7,748 |
.1 21 |
- 109 |
- 31,194 |
- 511 |
- 11 |
100.0 72,390 |
Properties | |
---|---|
Data type: | numeric |
Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
wksubsdoes supervisor have supervisor
Text of this Question or Item
191a. If yes: Does that person have a superviosr on the job to whom he is directly responsible?
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases |
wksubs | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 yes |
4 no |
6 |
.d don't know |
.i iap |
.n no answer |
.s skipped on web |
ROW TOTAL |
||
year | 1972 | 79.0 728 |
21.0 193 |
.0 0 |
- 0 |
- 657 |
- 35 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,613 |
1973 | 80.8 667 |
19.2 159 |
.0 0 |
- 16 |
- 646 |
- 16 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,504 |
|
1974 | 81.1 669 |
18.9 156 |
.0 0 |
- 9 |
- 628 |
- 22 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,484 |
|
1975 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,490 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,490 |
|
1976 | 83.2 677 |
16.8 137 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 646 |
- 33 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,499 |
|
1977 | 82.7 753 |
17.3 158 |
.0 0 |
- 10 |
- 579 |
- 30 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,530 |
|
1978 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,532 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,532 |
|
1980 | 80.1 674 |
19.9 167 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 616 |
- 6 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,468 |
|
1982 | 79.7 769 |
20.3 196 |
.0 0 |
- 12 |
- 833 |
- 50 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,860 |
|
1983 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,599 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,599 |
|
1984 | 80.1 685 |
19.9 170 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 605 |
- 7 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,473 |
|
1985 | 76.4 635 |
23.6 196 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 689 |
- 9 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,534 |
|
1986 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,470 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,470 |
|
1987 | 81.8 829 |
18.2 185 |
.0 0 |
- 13 |
- 774 |
- 18 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,819 |
|
1988 | 79.5 381 |
20.5 98 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 902 |
- 94 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,481 |
|
1989 | 80.1 451 |
19.9 112 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 958 |
- 12 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,537 |
|
1990 | 78.7 403 |
21.3 109 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 850 |
- 7 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,372 |
|
1991 | 81.5 415 |
18.5 94 |
.0 0 |
- 8 |
- 987 |
- 13 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,517 |
|
1993 | 79.5 478 |
20.5 123 |
.0 0 |
- 10 |
- 983 |
- 12 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,606 |
|
1994 | 80.1 926 |
19.9 230 |
.0 0 |
- 10 |
- 1,812 |
- 14 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,992 |
|
1996 | 81.3 930 |
18.7 214 |
.0 0 |
- 10 |
- 1,724 |
- 26 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,904 |
|
1998 | 78.8 866 |
21.2 233 |
.0 0 |
- 13 |
- 1,688 |
- 32 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,832 |
|
2000 | 80.6 867 |
19.4 209 |
.0 0 |
- 8 |
- 1,683 |
- 50 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,817 |
|
2002 | 79.3 832 |
20.7 217 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 1,706 |
- 4 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,765 |
|
2004 | 80.2 880 |
19.8 217 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 1,690 |
- 22 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,812 |
|
2006 | 82.6 2,124 |
17.4 447 |
.0 0 |
- 13 |
- 1,922 |
- 4 |
- 0 |
100.0 4,510 |
|
2008 | 80.8 920 |
19.2 218 |
.0 0 |
- 11 |
- 874 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,023 |
|
2010 | 79.2 837 |
20.8 220 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 975 |
- 6 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,044 |
|
2012 | 81.9 913 |
18.1 202 |
.0 0 |
- 7 |
- 838 |
- 14 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,974 |
|
2014 | 82.4 1,197 |
17.6 256 |
.0 0 |
- 9 |
- 273 |
- 803 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,538 |
|
2016 | 82.0 1,270 |
18.0 279 |
.0 0 |
- 12 |
- 1,279 |
- 27 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,867 |
|
2018 | 84.2 1,108 |
15.8 208 |
.0 0 |
- 11 |
- 1,009 |
- 12 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,348 |
|
2021 | 88.7 1,817 |
11.3 232 |
.0 0 |
- 23 |
- 1,911 |
- 38 |
- 11 |
100.0 4,032 |
|
2022 | 83.4 1,543 |
15.2 282 |
1.4 25 |
- 0 |
- 1,652 |
- 34 |
- 8 |
100.0 3,544 |
|
COL TOTAL | 81.5 26,244 |
18.4 5,917 |
.1 25 |
- 255 |
- 38,480 |
- 1,450 |
- 19 |
100.0 72,390 |
Properties | |
---|---|
Data type: | numeric |
Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
wksupdoes r or spouse supervise anyone
Text of this Question or Item
192. In your [SPOUSE]'s job, (do you/does he/she) supervise anyone who is directly responsible to (you/him/her)?
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases |
wksup | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 yes |
2 no |
6 |
.d don't know |
.i iap |
.n no answer |
.s skipped on web |
ROW TOTAL |
||
year | 1972 | 36.2 415 |
63.8 730 |
.0 0 |
- 0 |
- 416 |
- 52 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,613 |
1973 | 40.9 435 |
59.1 628 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 369 |
- 66 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,504 |
|
1974 | 41.4 426 |
58.6 604 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 400 |
- 51 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,484 |
|
1975 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,490 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,490 |
|
1976 | 39.5 374 |
60.5 572 |
.0 0 |
- 1 |
- 450 |
- 102 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,499 |
|
1977 | 38.8 418 |
61.2 660 |
.0 0 |
- 8 |
- 382 |
- 62 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,530 |
|
1978 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,532 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,532 |
|
1980 | 44.4 460 |
55.6 575 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 404 |
- 25 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,468 |
|
1982 | 41.2 492 |
58.8 701 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 589 |
- 74 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,860 |
|
1983 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,599 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,599 |
|
1984 | 41.7 432 |
58.3 603 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 390 |
- 42 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,473 |
|
1985 | 43.8 468 |
56.2 601 |
.0 0 |
- 7 |
- 438 |
- 20 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,534 |
|
1986 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,470 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,470 |
|
1987 | 40.9 512 |
59.1 739 |
.0 0 |
- 9 |
- 506 |
- 53 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,819 |
|
1988 | 39.3 229 |
60.7 353 |
.0 0 |
- 1 |
- 792 |
- 106 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,481 |
|
1989 | 44.2 310 |
55.8 392 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 808 |
- 23 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,537 |
|
1990 | 41.1 262 |
58.9 375 |
.0 0 |
- 0 |
- 723 |
- 12 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,372 |
|
1991 | 36.4 239 |
63.6 418 |
.0 0 |
- 2 |
- 841 |
- 17 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,517 |
|
1993 | 43.8 329 |
56.2 422 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 839 |
- 11 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,606 |
|
1994 | 41.0 586 |
59.0 842 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 1,532 |
- 29 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,992 |
|
1996 | 40.9 585 |
59.1 847 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 1,420 |
- 46 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,904 |
|
1998 | 42.0 564 |
58.0 780 |
.0 0 |
- 8 |
- 1,435 |
- 45 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,832 |
|
2000 | 40.0 504 |
60.0 755 |
.0 0 |
- 9 |
- 1,467 |
- 82 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,817 |
|
2002 | 39.3 519 |
60.7 800 |
.0 0 |
- 2 |
- 1,441 |
- 3 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,765 |
|
2004 | 38.4 535 |
61.6 858 |
.0 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,397 |
- 22 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,812 |
|
2006 | 37.4 1,195 |
62.6 2,000 |
.0 0 |
- 9 |
- 1,289 |
- 17 |
- 0 |
100.0 4,510 |
|
2008 | 38.4 549 |
61.6 881 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 581 |
- 7 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,023 |
|
2010 | 36.6 485 |
63.4 839 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 700 |
- 16 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,044 |
|
2012 | 37.7 507 |
62.3 837 |
.0 0 |
- 12 |
- 607 |
- 11 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,974 |
|
2014 | 35.9 625 |
64.1 1,117 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 788 |
- 4 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,538 |
|
2016 | 38.3 729 |
61.7 1,175 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 941 |
- 17 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,867 |
|
2018 | 36.0 578 |
64.0 1,029 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 726 |
- 11 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,348 |
|
2021 | 33.2 828 |
66.8 1,664 |
.0 0 |
- 47 |
- 1,445 |
- 34 |
- 14 |
100.0 4,032 |
|
2022 | 33.5 761 |
65.7 1,492 |
.7 17 |
- 0 |
- 1,256 |
- 10 |
- 8 |
100.0 3,544 |
|
COL TOTAL | 38.7 15,351 |
61.2 24,289 |
.0 17 |
- 178 |
- 31,463 |
- 1,070 |
- 22 |
100.0 72,390 |
Properties | |
---|---|
Data type: | numeric |
Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |
wksupsdoes subordinate supervise anyone
Text of this Question or Item
192a. If yes: Do any of those persons supervise anyone else?
Cells contain: -Valid row pct. -N of cases |
wksups | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 yes |
4 no |
6 |
.d don't know |
.i iap |
.n no answer |
.s skipped on web |
ROW TOTAL |
||
year | 1972 | 35.3 145 |
64.7 266 |
.0 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,146 |
- 56 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,613 |
1973 | 35.1 147 |
64.9 272 |
.0 0 |
- 7 |
- 1,069 |
- 9 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,504 |
|
1974 | 32.1 134 |
67.9 284 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 1,007 |
- 54 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,484 |
|
1975 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,490 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,490 |
|
1976 | 34.1 125 |
65.9 242 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 1,023 |
- 105 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,499 |
|
1977 | 34.3 139 |
65.7 266 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 1,050 |
- 70 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,530 |
|
1978 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,532 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,532 |
|
1980 | 29.8 135 |
70.2 318 |
.0 0 |
- 7 |
- 983 |
- 25 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,468 |
|
1982 | 30.1 146 |
69.9 339 |
.0 0 |
- 2 |
- 1,294 |
- 79 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,860 |
|
1983 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,599 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,599 |
|
1984 | 36.1 154 |
63.9 273 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 999 |
- 43 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,473 |
|
1985 | 35.1 162 |
64.9 299 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 1,046 |
- 22 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,534 |
|
1986 | - 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,470 |
- 0 |
- 0 |
- 1,470 |
|
1987 | 34.3 174 |
65.7 334 |
.0 0 |
- 2 |
- 1,254 |
- 55 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,819 |
|
1988 | 37.3 84 |
62.7 141 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 1,146 |
- 106 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,481 |
|
1989 | 31.6 97 |
68.4 210 |
.0 0 |
- 2 |
- 1,204 |
- 24 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,537 |
|
1990 | 31.5 81 |
68.5 176 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 1,098 |
- 14 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,372 |
|
1991 | 37.5 87 |
62.5 145 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 1,261 |
- 19 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,517 |
|
1993 | 38.5 124 |
61.5 198 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 1,265 |
- 15 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,606 |
|
1994 | 34.8 202 |
65.2 378 |
.0 0 |
- 5 |
- 2,378 |
- 29 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,992 |
|
1996 | 38.2 217 |
61.8 351 |
.0 0 |
- 8 |
- 2,273 |
- 55 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,904 |
|
1998 | 37.0 204 |
63.0 348 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 2,224 |
- 50 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,832 |
|
2000 | 36.9 181 |
63.1 310 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 2,231 |
- 89 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,817 |
|
2002 | 28.1 145 |
71.9 371 |
.0 0 |
- 1 |
- 2,243 |
- 5 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,765 |
|
2004 | 29.3 156 |
70.7 376 |
.0 0 |
- 3 |
- 2,255 |
- 22 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,812 |
|
2006 | 30.1 358 |
69.9 833 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 3,301 |
- 14 |
- 0 |
100.0 4,510 |
|
2008 | 26.2 143 |
73.8 402 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 1,467 |
- 7 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,023 |
|
2010 | 27.7 133 |
72.3 348 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 1,543 |
- 16 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,044 |
|
2012 | 31.3 157 |
68.7 344 |
.0 0 |
- 6 |
- 1,455 |
- 12 |
- 0 |
100.0 1,974 |
|
2014 | 27.7 176 |
72.3 460 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 1,149 |
- 749 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,538 |
|
2016 | 30.7 222 |
69.3 500 |
.0 0 |
- 7 |
- 2,121 |
- 17 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,867 |
|
2018 | 34.3 197 |
65.7 378 |
.0 0 |
- 4 |
- 1,758 |
- 11 |
- 0 |
100.0 2,348 |
|
2021 | 32.1 265 |
67.9 560 |
.0 0 |
- 13 |
- 3,083 |
- 92 |
- 19 |
100.0 4,032 |
|
2022 | 31.4 238 |
67.6 513 |
1.1 8 |
- 0 |
- 2,694 |
- 80 |
- 11 |
100.0 3,544 |
|
COL TOTAL | 32.5 4,928 |
67.5 10,235 |
.1 8 |
- 134 |
- 55,111 |
- 1,944 |
- 30 |
100.0 72,390 |
Properties | |
---|---|
Data type: | numeric |
Missing-data codes: | .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.q,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z |