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GSS 1972-2024 Cumulative Datafile - Release 1

Working Mothers

fechldMother working doesn't hurt children
Text of this Question or Item 
252. Now I'm going to read several more statements. As I read 
each one, please tell me whether you strongly agree, agree, 
disagree, or strongly disagree with it. a. A working mother can 
establish just as warm and secure a relationship with her 
children as a mother who does not work.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 fechld
1
strongly agree		 2
agree		 3
disagree		 4
strongly disagree		 .d
don't know		 .i
iap		 .n
no answer		 .s
skipped on web		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 15.7
236		 33.3
501		 33.6
505		 17.5
263		 -
22		 -
0		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 21.3
323		 39.5
600		 28.9
438		 10.3
157		 -
11		 -
0		 -
5		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 22.1
323		 40.3
589		 29.7
434		 7.8
114		 -
9		 -
0		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 23.8
233		 39.3
384		 27.7
271		 9.1
89		 -
9		 -
493		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 21.6
214		 42.4
420		 28.9
286		 7.1
70		 -
12		 -
531		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 21.8
201		 41.5
382		 29.0
267		 7.7
71		 -
6		 -
444		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 20.0
202		 45.3
458		 28.4
287		 6.3
64		 -
11		 -
493		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 20.4
217		 46.7
496		 26.6
283		 6.3
67		 -
15		 -
526		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 23.4
455		 46.3
901		 25.5
496		 4.9
96		 -
24		 -
1,015		 -
5		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 24.2
579		 42.3
1,012		 26.1
624		 7.4
178		 -
29		 -
475		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 22.1
407		 45.7
841		 25.5
470		 6.6
122		 -
26		 -
961		 -
5		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 20.4
376		 40.7
752		 29.3
540		 9.6
178		 -
22		 -
940		 -
9		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 24.2
218		 39.4
355		 27.1
244		 9.3
84		 -
7		 -
1,857		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 23.5
211		 42.3
379		 27.2
244		 7.0
63		 -
9		 -
1,906		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 24.0
474		 43.0
848		 27.0
533		 5.9
117		 -
20		 -
2,518		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 26.8
354		 45.5
600		 22.2
293		 5.5
73		 -
7		 -
694		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 29.8
425		 45.5
648		 20.0
285		 4.6
66		 -
5		 -
614		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 26.5
342		 45.9
593		 22.5
291		 5.1
66		 -
10		 -
672		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 30.0
499		 46.0
767		 19.4
323		 4.6
77		 -
9		 -
863		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 32.6
613		 42.7
802		 21.0
395		 3.6
68		 -
10		 -
979		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 31.0
480		 43.2
670		 20.9
324		 4.9
76		 -
8		 -
789		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 39.1
1,062		 43.2
1,173		 14.5
394		 3.1
85		 -
0		 -
1,315		 -
0		 -
3		 100.0
4,032
2022 33.7
796		 43.6
1,031		 18.6
439		 4.1
98		 -
11		 -
1,168		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
3,544
2024 32.2
698		 43.2
936		 19.7
427		 4.9
107		 -
14		 -
1,126		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
3,309
COL TOTAL 26.4
9,938		 42.9
16,138		 24.2
9,093		 6.5
2,449		 -
306		 -
37,720		 -
52		 -
3		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
fehelpWife should help husbands career first
Text of this Question or Item 
252. Now I'm going to read several more statements. As I read 
each one, please tell me whether you strongly agree, agree, 
disagree, or strongly disagree with it. b. It is more important 
for a wife to help her husband's career than to have one 
herself.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 fehelp
1
strongly agree		 2
agree		 3
disagree		 4
strongly disagree		 .d
don't know		 .i
iap		 .n
no answer		 .y
not available in this year		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 13.9
205		 43.2
636		 36.3
534		 6.6
97		 -
52		 -
0		 -
6		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 6.6
97		 30.9
455		 46.1
679		 16.4
241		 -
55		 -
0		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 6.1
88		 29.8
428		 47.4
681		 16.6
239		 -
33		 -
0		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 4.9
47		 26.2
253		 48.2
466		 20.7
200		 -
21		 -
493		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 5.5
53		 22.5
217		 51.9
501		 20.1
194		 -
37		 -
531		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 3.9
35		 25.4
230		 50.6
457		 20.1
182		 -
22		 -
444		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 3.4
34		 26.2
262		 50.4
504		 20.0
200		 -
23		 -
493		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 3.2
33		 20.5
214		 55.1
576		 21.2
222		 -
33		 -
526		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 3.1
59		 18.5
351		 55.6
1,057		 22.8
433		 -
64		 -
1,015		 -
13		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 3.2
74		 17.9
420		 54.5
1,278		 24.5
574		 -
73		 -
475		 -
10		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 2.4
44		 16.8
303		 55.3
999		 25.4
459		 -
54		 -
961		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,817
2002 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,765
2004 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,812		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,812
2006 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,510		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,510
2008 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,023		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,023
2010 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,044		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,044
2012 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,974		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,974
2014 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,538		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,538
2016 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,867		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,867
2018 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,348		 -
0		 -
0		 -
2,348
2021 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032		 -
0		 -
0		 -
4,032
2022 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
3,544		 -
3,544
2024 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
3,309		 -
3,309
COL TOTAL 5.0
769		 24.6
3,769		 50.5
7,732		 19.9
3,041		 -
467		 -
53,009		 -
59		 -
6,853		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
fepreschPreschool kids suffer if mother works
Text of this Question or Item 
252. Now I'm going to read several more statements. As I read 
each one, please tell me whether you strongly agree, agree, 
disagree, or strongly disagree with it. c. A preschool child is 
likely to suffer if his or her mother works.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 fepresch
1
strongly agree		 2
agree		 3
disagree		 4
strongly disagree		 .d
don't know		 .i
iap		 .n
no answer		 .s
skipped on web		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 20.8
311		 46.5
697		 28.2
422		 4.5
68		 -
28		 -
0		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 13.0
195		 41.0
614		 36.3
544		 9.7
146		 -
28		 -
0		 -
7		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 10.8
156		 40.4
582		 39.7
572		 9.2
132		 -
27		 -
0		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 10.8
104		 37.4
361		 40.8
394		 11.0
106		 -
19		 -
493		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 9.0
88		 39.0
380		 42.2
411		 9.8
95		 -
27		 -
531		 -
5		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 8.1
73		 41.3
372		 41.9
377		 8.7
78		 -
26		 -
444		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 9.1
91		 38.7
385		 42.3
421		 9.9
99		 -
24		 -
493		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 7.2
75		 36.0
377		 47.0
493		 9.8
103		 -
28		 -
526		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 7.5
146		 34.9
676		 46.4
898		 11.2
216		 -
32		 -
1,015		 -
9		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 8.7
203		 37.6
881		 42.8
1,003		 11.0
257		 -
74		 -
475		 -
11		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 8.6
155		 33.8
611		 47.7
863		 10.0
180		 -
53		 -
961		 -
9		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 9.7
175		 37.8
682		 42.1
761		 10.4
188		 -
56		 -
940		 -
15		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 9.8
88		 35.9
322		 43.7
392		 10.7
96		 -
10		 -
1,857		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 6.5
58		 35.5
316		 45.8
408		 12.1
108		 -
15		 -
1,906		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 8.7
172		 31.6
622		 48.7
959		 10.9
215		 -
24		 -
2,518		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 8.0
104		 28.3
370		 50.8
665		 12.9
169		 -
19		 -
694		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 6.2
87		 28.8
407		 50.8
718		 14.2
201		 -
14		 -
614		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 6.7
86		 27.3
350		 50.8
652		 15.3
196		 -
18		 -
672		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 4.9
82		 25.3
420		 52.2
867		 17.6
292		 -
12		 -
863		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 3.8
72		 23.9
448		 53.3
1,000		 18.9
355		 -
13		 -
979		 -
0		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 5.3
81		 22.6
347		 53.4
820		 18.8
288		 -
21		 -
789		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 3.9
105		 19.2
520		 52.9
1,433		 24.0
649		 -
5		 -
1,315		 -
0		 -
5		 100.0
4,032
2022 4.7
110		 21.9
514		 52.4
1,230		 21.0
494		 -
25		 -
1,168		 -
1		 -
2		 100.0
3,544
2024 5.4
117		 24.7
532		 51.2
1,102		 18.7
402		 -
27		 -
1,126		 -
1		 -
2		 100.0
3,309
COL TOTAL 7.9
2,934		 31.6
11,786		 46.7
17,405		 13.8
5,133		 -
625		 -
37,720		 -
87		 -
9		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
fefamBetter for man to work, woman tend home
Text of this Question or Item 
252. Now I'm going to read several more statements. As I read 
each one, please tell me whether you strongly agree, agree, 
disagree, or strongly disagree with it. d. It is much better for 
everyone involved if the man is the achiever outside the home 
and the woman takes care of the home and family.
Cells contain:
-Valid row pct.
-N of cases		 fefam
1
strongly agree		 2
agree		 3
disagree		 4
strongly disagree		 .d
don't know		 .i
iap		 .n
no answer		 .s
skipped on web		 ROW
TOTAL
year 1972 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,613
1973 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,504
1974 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,484
1975 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,490
1976 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,499
1977 18.3
275		 47.5
714		 28.1
422		 6.1
92		 -
23		 -
0		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,530
1978 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,532
1980 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,468
1982 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,860
1983 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,599
1984 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,473
1985 10.0
150		 38.4
577		 38.2
574		 13.4
201		 -
26		 -
0		 -
6		 -
0		 100.0
1,534
1986 9.1
132		 38.6
557		 39.9
576		 12.4
179		 -
24		 -
0		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,470
1987 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819		 -
0		 -
0		 -
1,819
1988 9.1
88		 33.0
318		 41.4
399		 16.5
159		 -
19		 -
493		 -
5		 -
0		 100.0
1,481
1989 9.7
95		 31.2
305		 42.3
413		 16.8
164		 -
26		 -
531		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,537
1990 7.1
64		 33.4
301		 45.0
405		 14.5
131		 -
26		 -
444		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
1,372
1991 7.6
76		 34.5
344		 40.7
405		 17.2
171		 -
24		 -
493		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
1,517
1993 6.1
64		 30.2
318		 46.6
491		 17.2
181		 -
23		 -
526		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
1,606
1994 6.8
131		 28.2
540		 46.8
896		 18.2
349		 -
53		 -
1,015		 -
8		 -
0		 100.0
2,992
1996 7.6
179		 30.8
725		 43.9
1,034		 17.6
415		 -
64		 -
475		 -
12		 -
0		 100.0
2,904
1998 7.2
130		 28.0
509		 46.0
836		 18.9
343		 -
43		 -
961		 -
10		 -
0		 100.0
2,832
2000 11.3
204		 29.4
531		 40.5
731		 18.7
338		 -
53		 -
940		 -
20		 -
0		 100.0
2,817
2002 10.1
91		 28.6
257		 42.5
382		 18.7
168		 -
9		 -
1,857		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,765
2004 8.8
79		 28.7
257		 44.1
394		 18.3
164		 -
11		 -
1,906		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,812
2006 8.4
166		 27.3
538		 46.6
918		 17.6
346		 -
23		 -
2,518		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
4,510
2008 9.3
122		 27.4
359		 44.9
587		 18.3
240		 -
19		 -
694		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
2,023
2010 7.5
107		 28.5
404		 43.0
610		 20.9
297		 -
8		 -
614		 -
4		 -
0		 100.0
2,044
2012 6.8
87		 24.4
313		 49.5
636		 19.4
249		 -
15		 -
672		 -
2		 -
0		 100.0
1,974
2014 6.3
105		 24.8
410		 47.4
785		 21.5
355		 -
17		 -
863		 -
3		 -
0		 100.0
2,538
2016 5.9
110		 21.6
405		 45.6
853		 26.9
504		 -
15		 -
979		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,867
2018 5.7
88		 20.1
310		 46.2
714		 28.0
433		 -
13		 -
789		 -
1		 -
0		 100.0
2,348
2021 4.8
131		 15.1
410		 42.0
1,137		 38.0
1,030		 -
0		 -
1,315		 -
0		 -
9		 100.0
4,032
2022 5.8
136		 18.6
437		 42.6
1,000		 33.0
775		 -
25		 -
1,168		 -
1		 -
2		 100.0
3,544
2024 7.7
167		 22.8
492		 41.6
899		 27.9
604		 -
18		 -
1,126		 -
1		 -
2		 100.0
3,309
COL TOTAL 8.0
2,977		 27.7
10,331		 43.2
16,097		 21.2
7,888		 -
577		 -
37,720		 -
96		 -
13		 100.0
75,699
Properties
Data type: numeric
Missing-data codes: .d,.i,.j,.m,.n,.p,.r,.s,.u,.x,.y,.z
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